Sources for "Parkview Gardens: Its Rise and Fall and Rise"
Chapter One
"Sell the property" "Buyers eager to get lots" St. Louis Post-Dispatch (SLPD) June 1 1913
Racing Days
"a succession" "New Delmar Race Track at cost of much labor is slowly taking shape" SLPD May 17, 1901
It opened Information about Governor Folk comes from Holy Joe: Joseph W. Folk and the Missouri Idea by Stephen L. Piott 1997
"The course" SLPD June 16, 1901
"the most colossal" "World's fair shows in single arena" SLPD Oct. 1, 1904
The celebrated Barney Oldfield Illuminations Nov. 2009
"insistent fight" St. Louis County Watchman-Advocate March 28, 1913
Some of the first ordinances C. Edwin Murray and Elaine Kanfer Murray University City, Missouri: its people and events, 1906-1931 p. 17
backed a candidate against "Louis A Cella Dies" SLPD April 29, 1918
gone to court to prevent the incorporation SLPD Oct. 14, 1910
"a big, fine looking Italian" "Louis Cella's Record" SLPD Mar. 29, 1895
"the most notorious " "Louis Cella's Record" SLPD Mar. 29, 1895
Cella's partners sued the Post "Cella testifies" SLPD Nov. 11, 1906
special events continued to be held at the track until 1909 "Delmar to Have Harness Meet" SLPD March 19, 1909
running bucket shops '"Louis A. Cella Dies" SLPD April 29,1918
Federal authorities shut that business "Louis A. Cella Dies" SLPD April 29,1918
Improving the Land
workers began tearing down Delmar Racetrack Missouri History Museum library card file
the company invested $200,000 "North Parkview lots are to go" SLPD Feb. 6, 1916
the other half $420,000 worth of lots will be sold at auction SLPD, Mar 19, 1916
James T. Dodd The Book of St. Louisans, 1912
"insured perfect hygenic conditions" SLPD June 1, 1913
The Plat
plat The plat for North Parkview is in the Recorder of Deeds office of St. Louis County, Clayton, Mo.
"harmonize" "Old Delmar Track Lots" SLPD, May 22, 1913
"The restrictions on the plat" "North Parkview lots are to go" SLPD Feb. 6, 1916
street names William B. Mangan, Streets of St. Louis, 1994
plats of Parkview and Delmar Garden stated no racial restrictions Parkview: Urban Oasis, 1979; Delmar Garden plat
Selling the Lots
provision of mail delivery SLPD Feb 6, 1916
the only new subdivision that allowed "West End Sales Presage Lively Season" SLPD Feb. 27,1916
a long way from downtown "Buyers eager to get lots" SLPD June 1, 1913;
"Skinker Road Opening" SLPD July 7, 1918
Speedy land sales were very important Nancy Moore Hamilton, "The Fleeting Prosperity of AA Fischer" St. Louis Chapter of Society or Architectural Historians website, 2006
Cella who was involved in major projects "Buyers eager to get lots" SLPD June 1, 1913
"The city's growth had virtually stopped" NiNi Harris, Legacy of Lions: a history of University City, 1981 p. 85
some ripples in the economy "Big Increase in Apartment House Building" SLPD Nov. 7 1915
"For several years [after Lewis's fall]" The Comprehensive City Plan of University City, Mo., 1931, Washington University Archives
six multifamily buildings and a dozen houses "$1 Million Worth of Homes" SLPD
April 12, 1914
"live wire" SLPD Jan. 10, 1915
he invited a hundred developers to a banquet "North Parkview Sites" SLPD Mar. 26, 1916
"cleverly advertised in a sketch" "100 Realty Men Guests" SLPD Mar. 24, 1916
to perform on Broadway ancestry.com
For the auction itself "North Parkview Auction Campaign" SLPD April 2, 1916.
"Interest Shown in Coming Auction" SLPD April 9, 1916; "Builders to Bid" SLPD April 14, 1916
72 lots for $210,404 '"North Parkview Sale Ends" SLPD April 23, 1916
"I went out merely as a spectator" "Low Prices Rule" SLPD April 16, 1916
"there are not more than 12 vacant lots in North Parkview" SLPD Dec. 2, 1917
"prior to its...sale under Harris" SLPD July 7, 1918
some lots remained unsold "Big Special Sale of North Parkview Lots" SLPD Feb. 22, 1920
Cella left an estate worth $12 million "Louis A. Cella Dies" SLPD April 29, 1918
Several deeds on North Parkview property were impounded "Notary Not Sure" SLPD May 17, 1918
Acrimonious family litigation "Mrs. Cella's heirs" SLPD Sept. 13, 1918
Putting Up the Buildings
Application for National Register of Historic Places available online at http://www.dnr.mo.gov/shpo/StLouis.htm
It cost about $15,000 'University City Breaks Record" SLPD March 22, 1914
apartments rented for $50-75 " Francis Perry Roth Sells 5 Buildings" SLPD May 28, 1922
four buildings standing House Number Certificate files, first book, Historical Society of University City (HSUC) archives
"Most dwellings were built on speculation" Hamilton, "The Fleeting Prosperity of AA Fischer" Society of Architectural Historians, Missouri Valley Chapter newsletter, 2006
Other early buildings were 10 bungalows on Cates "Ten seven-room Houses Being Built in North Parkview" SLPD, Sept. 21, 1913
Alexander August Fischer Hamilton, "Fleeting Prosperity"
The fashion for bungalows David E. Kyvig Daily Life in the United States, 1920-1939, 2002
James M. Moran, though a latecomer, was North Parkview’s leading developer Information in this and the following paragraphs is from Little and Hamilton, application for the National Register of Historic Places
Educated at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology The Book of St. Louisans, 1906
Victor E. Rhodes Necrologies, v. 13, Missouri History Museum library
Henry Schaumberg Landmarks Association of St. Louis local architects files
Frederick J. Cornwell The Book of St. Louisans, 1906
Ernest and Edward Wagner card file, Missouri History Museum library
St. Louis was blessed with both large clay deposits and skilled bricklayers. Bill Streeter, Brick by Chance and Fortune: a St. Louis Story, CALOP video, 2011
"The ways in which brick" Harris, Legacy p.125
The Buyers
1922 directory St. Louis County Directory, 1922 Historical Society of University City (HSUC) archives
Louis Greengard "An old-fashioned druggist" St. Louis Globe-Democrat Sept. 6, 1936
Notable Buildings
Present-day parishioner Elsie Glickert Glickert Interview, Oct. 3, 2013
decided to move south M.M. Costantin, Side Streets St. Louis, 1981
The school building was constructed first Little and Hamilton, application
Parkview Gardens enjoys the distinction Glickert interview
Donaldson Court Esley Hamilton, Donaldson Court, application for the National Register of Historic Places, 1983 available online at http://www.dnr.mo.gov
Its Delmar front was updated SLPD, June 4, 1984
Chapter Two
The Amusement Park
Samuel W. Gumpertz "St. Louisan First to See Money in Summer Gardens" SLPD July 10, 1910
According to M.M. Costantin Side Streets St. Louis, 1981
Famed restaurateur Information in this paragraph comes from Delmar Garden programs on file at the Missouri History Museum library.
The attendance record of 50,000 people "Delmar Garden Gone," April 7, 1919
John C. Jannopoulo Information in this paragraph comes from John DeVoy, A History of the City of St. Louis, 1898; The Octagonal Heart by Ariadne Thompson, 1956; Book of St. Louisans 1906; St. Louis Globe-Democrat May 15, 1932 Necrology Notebook XVI, Missouri History Museum library
"Jannopoulo's rise in St. Louis" "Mrs Jannopoulo Sues" SLPD Sept. 29, 1912
"Newest nationality in America" "Greeks Arming and Drilling," SLPD Oct. 9, 1910
who dined together there every night "Mrs Jannopoulo Sues" SLPD Sept. 29, 1912
challenge to Mayor E.G. Lewis "Delmar Lease May Check New City's Growth" SLPD, Aug. 16, 1908
had recently won a court victory Parkview: Urban Oasis, 1979
The amusement park began to decline Information in this paragraph comes from "Delmar Garden Gone," April 7, 1919 and "Mrs Jannopoulo Gets a Divorce" SLPD Nov. 7, 1912
"Mr. Jannopoulo is in many ways" "Mrs Jannopoulo Sues" SLPD Sept. 29, 1912
In the war years Information in this paragraph comes from "Delmar Garden Gone," SLPD April 7, 1919
Designing Delmar Garden
Jannopoulo had long foreseen "Delmar Garden Under Hammer" SLPD Sept. 22, 1915
It was briefly called Del-Mar SLPD, Feb. 8, 1920
the Board of Aldermen obliged Watchman-Advocate, Feb. 27, 1920
The plat The Delmar Garden plat is on file at the St. Louis County Recorder of Deeds.
Charles De Largy "$100,000 worth of Delmar Lots Sold" SLPD Feb. 1, 1920 and "Distinctive Mark in Development Hi-Pointe Plan" SLPD Aug. 11, 1918
Wright Information in the next three paragraphs comes from Esley Hamilton, "Henry Wright in St. Louis"; Eileen Ostermeier, "Brentmoor Park and Delmar Garden: Henry Wright in St. Louis" Newsletter of Missouri Valley Chapter, Society of Architectural Historians, 2003; J. Churchill, "Henry Wright" Journal of American Institute of Planners xxvi,4; Henry Wright, "Shall We Community Plan?" Journal of American Institute of Architects, 1921; Carl Schwarz, "Better Living for All" HSUC archive
Selling the Lots
"a record without parallel" "Enlarged Realty Capacity" SLPD Feb. 15, 1920
The population of University City had grown SLPD July 7, 1920
C.W. Beck "St. Louis Man is Spending $5700" SLPD Aug. 8, 1920
Laguna Niegel Glickert interview, Oct. 3, 2013
pictures The photos are in the Missouri Digital Heritage collection, which can be accessed online from "Delmar Loop collection" on the University City Public Library site, ucpl.lib.mo.us
On June 13, 1922 Bill 808. Minutes of Board of Aldermen meetings, in the archives of University City Public Library.
The E.L Wagner Company Information in this and following paragraphs comes from the Little and Hamilton application, 1984
Hubert William Guth, Information on him comes from the Oakview Place application for inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places.
Chapter Three
"nice neighborhood" Claire Linzee, Parkview Gardens Association: Partners in Urban Regrowth , CALOP video, 1993 Cann had been a resident of Eastgate Avenue since 1954.
Apartment Living
"a genteel apartment district" Harris, Legacy, p. 121. Other information in this paragraph comes from Little and Hamilton, application
"Every man owns a house" University Heights prospectus HSUC archives
"In St. Louis, the proportion of multi-family housing rose" John Modell, "Suburbanization and Change in the American Family" Journal of Interdisciplinary History Spring 1979
Social trends and technological developments Volz, Candace M., "The Modern Look of the Early Twentieth Century House: a Mirror of Changing Lifestyles" in American Home Life, 1880-1930, edited by Jessica Foy and Thomas H. Schlereth,1992
They could make do with a smaller home Kyvig, Daily
This was also true of children Karin Calvert, "Children in the House, 1880-1930," in Foy and Schlereth
"servantless life." Daniel E. Sutherland, "Modernizing Domestic Service" in Foy and Schlereth
"a contractor," Ruth S. Cowan "Coal Stoves and Clean Sinks" in Foy and Schlereth
Grocers had canned food Kyvig, Daily
Some Parkview Gardens buildings had central refrigeration Dennis Lutsky interview, Oct. 2, 2013
Loop Apartment Amenities
"4 apts. of 4 rooms" real estate listings, SLPD, Apr. 7, 1918
the number of rooms in a house or apartment was being reduced. Kyvig, Daily
Victorian houses had had many small rooms Katherine C. Grier "Decline of the Memory Palace" in Foy and Schlereth
The mechanical bed had come into use in the 1880s Elizabeth C. Cromley "A History of American Beds and Bedrooms" in Foy and Schlereth
"Pullman corners" Lutsky interview
This could be either a dual-use room Mike Giger interview, Oct. 15
"desire for an indoor space" Volz in Foy and Schlereth
Sleeping bags were advertised especially Cromley in Foy and Schlereth
Some Parkview Gardens apartments still retain the fireplaces Lutsky interview
An Important Jewish Neighborhood
Almost 20,000 people Harris, Legacy
St. Louis had a larger Jewish population Walter Ehrlich, Zion in the Valley: the Jewish Community of St. Louis v. 2, 2002
Many of the builders and owners Little and Hamilton, application
seven of 17 Jewish congregations Jake McCarthy "University City" SLPD Nov. 8, 1981
"For decades to come other St. Louis suburbs discouraged Jewish congregations" Harris, Legacy, p.129
it was about 60 percent Jewish Lutsky interview
"We always knew" Glickert interview
"we all supported the All Saints school" Roslynd M. Singer, My Mother's Maiden Name: Growing Up in the Loop, 1987. MS. in HSUC archives
Claire Linzee Interview, Oct. 25, 2013
Growing Up in the Loop: Roslynd Singer
The information comes from My Mother's Maiden Name.
Growing Up in the Loop: Tennessee Williams
"The opening description of the Wingfield apartment" All quotes in this section are from Allean Hale, "Tennessee Williams's St. Louis Blues" Mississippi Quarterly Fall 1995
Other information comes from Lorin Cuocco and William Gass, editors, Literary St. Louis: A Guide, 2000
Growing up in the Loop: Dennis Lutsky
The information comes from Lutsky interview.
The River des Peres and Vernon Avenue
In 1921 and '22, the Board of Aldermen Howard McMahan, An Administrative History of University City, 1954.
In the 1930s Harris, Legacy p. 132
In 1951 University City Quarterly Reporter, Aug. 1955
named for a relative Mangan, Streets
Construction took place in 1955 Information in this paragraph comes from "Vexing Vernon" in Illuminations, Nov. 2010, HSUC archive
Parks of the North Loop
Eastgate Park Information provided by Ewald Winkler, Nov. 4, 2013; Comprehensive City Plan
Singer wrote In My Mother's Maiden Name
Other information in this section comes from a tour of the parks given by Ewald Winkler and Sue Rehkopf, June 24, 2012.
Ackert Harris, Legacy
When Lambs Quarry had been operating Information in this paragraph comes from the Delmar/Loop Pacer newsletter, various issues, 1999
The Ferguson-Kirkwood streetcar Information provided by Sue Rehkopf, HSUC archivist, in summer 2013.
Chapter Four
U.City Boom and Loop Bust
it was growing too fast Globe-Democrat, July 5, 1956
a majority of Missourians had owned their homes Modell, "Suburbanization"
the last streetcar ran down Delmar in 1964 Andrew D. Young, St. Louis Streetcar Story, 1987
All Saints School would close Costantin, Side Streets St. Louis
Delmar landlords raised commercial rents SLPD, March 27, 1974
Federal wartime rent controls Glickert interview, Katy Q. Gurley, "The Loop," in Globe-Democrat, Sept. 6, 1975
"A once-dominant regional center" Report upon Traffic and Parking Conditions: Delmar Business Area, 1961 Washington University Archives
The vacancy rate was about 5 percent. R. Tinsley Parke, A New Vision for University City, 1972
U City Integrates
In 1960 the African American population Harris, Legacy, p. 163
"This is not a race question" "Whites Organize to Keep Negroes Out" SLPD, Jan. 25, 1920
"The notion that a viable community could be integrated" C. Linzee, Parkview Gardens
Henry traced the steps Charles T. Henry, A History of Community Sustainability, 1958-
2011
The UCLCRA
urban renewal was underway Donald Blinkenstaff, Early Development and Later Redevelopment of University City's East End, 1980; Harris, Legacy, p. 154-5
James Merrill "An Urban Convalescence"
"the inability of the Eastgate/Westgate apartments" SLPD March 17, 1963
"A sense of neighborhood identity was lacking." Parke, New Vision
"The general street pattern" Report Upon Traffic
praised the LCRA and his predecessors in city government Information in this paragraph comes from Frank Ollendorff interview, Oct. 8, 2013
The General Neighborhood Improvement plan Information in this paragraph comes from SLPD March 17, 1963; Parke, New Vision; Blinkenstaff, Early Development; Globe-Democrat, Aug. 6 1964
Parkview Tower Information comes from plaques in lobby of Seltzer building; Gurley. "Loop"
University Terrace Little and Hamilton, application
"demand for housing far exceeds supply," "U. City Loop about to get boost" Globe-Democrat, Mar. 18, 1974
The City Council voted to close Globe-Democrat, June 29, 1978
Mike Giger History of Parkview Gardens Association at parkviewgardens.org, 2013
and interview
Delmar Gardens retirement home Information in this paragraph comes from Denice M. Santangelo, Barbara Grossberg obituary, SLPD, July 18, 2008; delmargardens.com; Delmar Gardens plats, Recorder of Deeds, St. Louis County
The First Parkview Gardens Association
University City put out a booklet University City Community Development, "Tenant Handbook for Parkview Gardens Residents" n.d. HSUC archives
A group of residents Information on the PGNIA comes from "Improvement Group Plans First Meeting," Globe-Democrat, Mar. 11, 1963 and "Neighborhood Asssn. Elects First Officers," Globe-Democrat, April 8, 1963 and from the HSUC archives
The Swinging '60s and Funky '70s
"a place where both the young and aging thrive together" Richard Krantz "Gefilte Fish and Urban Renewal" Globe-Democrat July 6, 1967
The Washington University-affiliated population increased Parke, New Vision
warned students against living north of Delmar Lutsky interview
The large apartments and low rents Gurley, "The Loop"
steam heat system being out of order C. Linzee interview
Residences are almost exclusively six-family apartments Krantz, "Gefilte fish"
the Post congratulated University City Jake McCarthy, "University City," SLPD, Nov. 8, 1981
in 1972 Information in this paragraph comes from "All-Black Apartment Integrated by White Couple" SLPD Jan. 26, 1972; "Integration in University City Is No Big Deal, Residents Say" SLPD Jan. 28, 1972
Delmar Decline and Market in the Loop
"withering away" Krantz, "Gefilte fish"
"the biggest question facing the Delmar Loop" Pamela Meyer, "Delmar Loop Commercial Development Lags," SLPD, Mar. 27, 1974
Then came a hopeful development Information in this paragraph comes from The Observer, March 27, 1975, HSUC archives; SLPD April 22, 1975; Jewish Light June 28, 1989; Dan Wald interview, Oct. 3, 2013;; SLPD Nov. 28, 1985 SLPD April 11, 1988; Ellen Futterman, "Turnaround of Delmar Loop" SLPD, July 23, 1989; SLPD Oct. 8, 1987; SLPD April 11, 1988
A Loss Averted
In 1977, Parkview Gardens almost lost Information in this paragraph comes from Harris, Legacy; Glickert interview; Esley Hamilton, The University City Civic Plaza, 1995
Chapter Five
"Either we could join the crowd" SLPD, Dec. 14, 2000
Renovation and Resistance
"The rejuvenated Loop is symbolic of University City's survival" McCarthy, "University City"
"on the edge" C. Linzee, Parkview Gardens
"At its worst, it was still better than Wellston and St. Louis city," Giger interview
350 buildings in Parkview Gardens had 150 owners. Giger interview
landlords made headlines in the Globe-Democrat Feb. 17, 1971; Feb. 3, 1978,
University City paid special attention to Parkview Gardens Ollendorff interview
the Post covered the long struggle SLPD, June 4, 1984; July 12,1984; Aug. 3, 1984; Oct. 25, 1984; July 1, 1985
Charging the highest rents in the area Ellen Futterman, "Turnaround of Delmar Loop" SLPD July 23, 1989
But the taxman giveth Giger interview
Delmar was filling up Futterman, SLPD
Symptoms of municipal puzzlement appeared in the newspapers SLPD June 4, 1984; March 18, 1985; Feb. 25, 1988
Turning the Corner
Giger Information in this section comes from Giger interview; Giger, "History" C. Linzee, Parkview Gardens; Ollendorff interview
One initiative C. Linzee interview
New Major Player: Washington U
In April 2000 "Washington U Buys 72 Apartment Buildings" SLPD, April 28, 2000
The university has continued Information comes from various issues of the Delmar/Loop Pacer
Condominiums and Recession
more 911 calls John Hoal of H3 Studios, at a meeting in 2011
The most shocking crime "Capital Trial Starting in Killing of University City Police Sergeant" SLPD , Feb. 24, 2011
The Changing Street Scene
"The nights before bulk pickup" Elaine Viets, column, SLPD July 14, 1988
A Controversial Vision of the Future
Parkview Gardens covers approximately 162 H3 Studios, "The Parkview Gardens Park Plan" 2010 parkviewgardensvision.org
the car's dominance is over Leigh Gallager, The End of Suburbia, 2013
"Sell the property" "Buyers eager to get lots" St. Louis Post-Dispatch (SLPD) June 1 1913
Racing Days
"a succession" "New Delmar Race Track at cost of much labor is slowly taking shape" SLPD May 17, 1901
It opened Information about Governor Folk comes from Holy Joe: Joseph W. Folk and the Missouri Idea by Stephen L. Piott 1997
"The course" SLPD June 16, 1901
"the most colossal" "World's fair shows in single arena" SLPD Oct. 1, 1904
The celebrated Barney Oldfield Illuminations Nov. 2009
"insistent fight" St. Louis County Watchman-Advocate March 28, 1913
Some of the first ordinances C. Edwin Murray and Elaine Kanfer Murray University City, Missouri: its people and events, 1906-1931 p. 17
backed a candidate against "Louis A Cella Dies" SLPD April 29, 1918
gone to court to prevent the incorporation SLPD Oct. 14, 1910
"a big, fine looking Italian" "Louis Cella's Record" SLPD Mar. 29, 1895
"the most notorious " "Louis Cella's Record" SLPD Mar. 29, 1895
Cella's partners sued the Post "Cella testifies" SLPD Nov. 11, 1906
special events continued to be held at the track until 1909 "Delmar to Have Harness Meet" SLPD March 19, 1909
running bucket shops '"Louis A. Cella Dies" SLPD April 29,1918
Federal authorities shut that business "Louis A. Cella Dies" SLPD April 29,1918
Improving the Land
workers began tearing down Delmar Racetrack Missouri History Museum library card file
the company invested $200,000 "North Parkview lots are to go" SLPD Feb. 6, 1916
the other half $420,000 worth of lots will be sold at auction SLPD, Mar 19, 1916
James T. Dodd The Book of St. Louisans, 1912
"insured perfect hygenic conditions" SLPD June 1, 1913
The Plat
plat The plat for North Parkview is in the Recorder of Deeds office of St. Louis County, Clayton, Mo.
"harmonize" "Old Delmar Track Lots" SLPD, May 22, 1913
"The restrictions on the plat" "North Parkview lots are to go" SLPD Feb. 6, 1916
street names William B. Mangan, Streets of St. Louis, 1994
plats of Parkview and Delmar Garden stated no racial restrictions Parkview: Urban Oasis, 1979; Delmar Garden plat
Selling the Lots
provision of mail delivery SLPD Feb 6, 1916
the only new subdivision that allowed "West End Sales Presage Lively Season" SLPD Feb. 27,1916
a long way from downtown "Buyers eager to get lots" SLPD June 1, 1913;
"Skinker Road Opening" SLPD July 7, 1918
Speedy land sales were very important Nancy Moore Hamilton, "The Fleeting Prosperity of AA Fischer" St. Louis Chapter of Society or Architectural Historians website, 2006
Cella who was involved in major projects "Buyers eager to get lots" SLPD June 1, 1913
"The city's growth had virtually stopped" NiNi Harris, Legacy of Lions: a history of University City, 1981 p. 85
some ripples in the economy "Big Increase in Apartment House Building" SLPD Nov. 7 1915
"For several years [after Lewis's fall]" The Comprehensive City Plan of University City, Mo., 1931, Washington University Archives
six multifamily buildings and a dozen houses "$1 Million Worth of Homes" SLPD
April 12, 1914
"live wire" SLPD Jan. 10, 1915
he invited a hundred developers to a banquet "North Parkview Sites" SLPD Mar. 26, 1916
"cleverly advertised in a sketch" "100 Realty Men Guests" SLPD Mar. 24, 1916
to perform on Broadway ancestry.com
For the auction itself "North Parkview Auction Campaign" SLPD April 2, 1916.
"Interest Shown in Coming Auction" SLPD April 9, 1916; "Builders to Bid" SLPD April 14, 1916
72 lots for $210,404 '"North Parkview Sale Ends" SLPD April 23, 1916
"I went out merely as a spectator" "Low Prices Rule" SLPD April 16, 1916
"there are not more than 12 vacant lots in North Parkview" SLPD Dec. 2, 1917
"prior to its...sale under Harris" SLPD July 7, 1918
some lots remained unsold "Big Special Sale of North Parkview Lots" SLPD Feb. 22, 1920
Cella left an estate worth $12 million "Louis A. Cella Dies" SLPD April 29, 1918
Several deeds on North Parkview property were impounded "Notary Not Sure" SLPD May 17, 1918
Acrimonious family litigation "Mrs. Cella's heirs" SLPD Sept. 13, 1918
Putting Up the Buildings
Application for National Register of Historic Places available online at http://www.dnr.mo.gov/shpo/StLouis.htm
It cost about $15,000 'University City Breaks Record" SLPD March 22, 1914
apartments rented for $50-75 " Francis Perry Roth Sells 5 Buildings" SLPD May 28, 1922
four buildings standing House Number Certificate files, first book, Historical Society of University City (HSUC) archives
"Most dwellings were built on speculation" Hamilton, "The Fleeting Prosperity of AA Fischer" Society of Architectural Historians, Missouri Valley Chapter newsletter, 2006
Other early buildings were 10 bungalows on Cates "Ten seven-room Houses Being Built in North Parkview" SLPD, Sept. 21, 1913
Alexander August Fischer Hamilton, "Fleeting Prosperity"
The fashion for bungalows David E. Kyvig Daily Life in the United States, 1920-1939, 2002
James M. Moran, though a latecomer, was North Parkview’s leading developer Information in this and the following paragraphs is from Little and Hamilton, application for the National Register of Historic Places
Educated at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology The Book of St. Louisans, 1906
Victor E. Rhodes Necrologies, v. 13, Missouri History Museum library
Henry Schaumberg Landmarks Association of St. Louis local architects files
Frederick J. Cornwell The Book of St. Louisans, 1906
Ernest and Edward Wagner card file, Missouri History Museum library
St. Louis was blessed with both large clay deposits and skilled bricklayers. Bill Streeter, Brick by Chance and Fortune: a St. Louis Story, CALOP video, 2011
"The ways in which brick" Harris, Legacy p.125
The Buyers
1922 directory St. Louis County Directory, 1922 Historical Society of University City (HSUC) archives
Louis Greengard "An old-fashioned druggist" St. Louis Globe-Democrat Sept. 6, 1936
Notable Buildings
Present-day parishioner Elsie Glickert Glickert Interview, Oct. 3, 2013
decided to move south M.M. Costantin, Side Streets St. Louis, 1981
The school building was constructed first Little and Hamilton, application
Parkview Gardens enjoys the distinction Glickert interview
Donaldson Court Esley Hamilton, Donaldson Court, application for the National Register of Historic Places, 1983 available online at http://www.dnr.mo.gov
Its Delmar front was updated SLPD, June 4, 1984
Chapter Two
The Amusement Park
Samuel W. Gumpertz "St. Louisan First to See Money in Summer Gardens" SLPD July 10, 1910
According to M.M. Costantin Side Streets St. Louis, 1981
Famed restaurateur Information in this paragraph comes from Delmar Garden programs on file at the Missouri History Museum library.
The attendance record of 50,000 people "Delmar Garden Gone," April 7, 1919
John C. Jannopoulo Information in this paragraph comes from John DeVoy, A History of the City of St. Louis, 1898; The Octagonal Heart by Ariadne Thompson, 1956; Book of St. Louisans 1906; St. Louis Globe-Democrat May 15, 1932 Necrology Notebook XVI, Missouri History Museum library
"Jannopoulo's rise in St. Louis" "Mrs Jannopoulo Sues" SLPD Sept. 29, 1912
"Newest nationality in America" "Greeks Arming and Drilling," SLPD Oct. 9, 1910
who dined together there every night "Mrs Jannopoulo Sues" SLPD Sept. 29, 1912
challenge to Mayor E.G. Lewis "Delmar Lease May Check New City's Growth" SLPD, Aug. 16, 1908
had recently won a court victory Parkview: Urban Oasis, 1979
The amusement park began to decline Information in this paragraph comes from "Delmar Garden Gone," April 7, 1919 and "Mrs Jannopoulo Gets a Divorce" SLPD Nov. 7, 1912
"Mr. Jannopoulo is in many ways" "Mrs Jannopoulo Sues" SLPD Sept. 29, 1912
In the war years Information in this paragraph comes from "Delmar Garden Gone," SLPD April 7, 1919
Designing Delmar Garden
Jannopoulo had long foreseen "Delmar Garden Under Hammer" SLPD Sept. 22, 1915
It was briefly called Del-Mar SLPD, Feb. 8, 1920
the Board of Aldermen obliged Watchman-Advocate, Feb. 27, 1920
The plat The Delmar Garden plat is on file at the St. Louis County Recorder of Deeds.
Charles De Largy "$100,000 worth of Delmar Lots Sold" SLPD Feb. 1, 1920 and "Distinctive Mark in Development Hi-Pointe Plan" SLPD Aug. 11, 1918
Wright Information in the next three paragraphs comes from Esley Hamilton, "Henry Wright in St. Louis"; Eileen Ostermeier, "Brentmoor Park and Delmar Garden: Henry Wright in St. Louis" Newsletter of Missouri Valley Chapter, Society of Architectural Historians, 2003; J. Churchill, "Henry Wright" Journal of American Institute of Planners xxvi,4; Henry Wright, "Shall We Community Plan?" Journal of American Institute of Architects, 1921; Carl Schwarz, "Better Living for All" HSUC archive
Selling the Lots
"a record without parallel" "Enlarged Realty Capacity" SLPD Feb. 15, 1920
The population of University City had grown SLPD July 7, 1920
C.W. Beck "St. Louis Man is Spending $5700" SLPD Aug. 8, 1920
Laguna Niegel Glickert interview, Oct. 3, 2013
pictures The photos are in the Missouri Digital Heritage collection, which can be accessed online from "Delmar Loop collection" on the University City Public Library site, ucpl.lib.mo.us
On June 13, 1922 Bill 808. Minutes of Board of Aldermen meetings, in the archives of University City Public Library.
The E.L Wagner Company Information in this and following paragraphs comes from the Little and Hamilton application, 1984
Hubert William Guth, Information on him comes from the Oakview Place application for inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places.
Chapter Three
"nice neighborhood" Claire Linzee, Parkview Gardens Association: Partners in Urban Regrowth , CALOP video, 1993 Cann had been a resident of Eastgate Avenue since 1954.
Apartment Living
"a genteel apartment district" Harris, Legacy, p. 121. Other information in this paragraph comes from Little and Hamilton, application
"Every man owns a house" University Heights prospectus HSUC archives
"In St. Louis, the proportion of multi-family housing rose" John Modell, "Suburbanization and Change in the American Family" Journal of Interdisciplinary History Spring 1979
Social trends and technological developments Volz, Candace M., "The Modern Look of the Early Twentieth Century House: a Mirror of Changing Lifestyles" in American Home Life, 1880-1930, edited by Jessica Foy and Thomas H. Schlereth,1992
They could make do with a smaller home Kyvig, Daily
This was also true of children Karin Calvert, "Children in the House, 1880-1930," in Foy and Schlereth
"servantless life." Daniel E. Sutherland, "Modernizing Domestic Service" in Foy and Schlereth
"a contractor," Ruth S. Cowan "Coal Stoves and Clean Sinks" in Foy and Schlereth
Grocers had canned food Kyvig, Daily
Some Parkview Gardens buildings had central refrigeration Dennis Lutsky interview, Oct. 2, 2013
Loop Apartment Amenities
"4 apts. of 4 rooms" real estate listings, SLPD, Apr. 7, 1918
the number of rooms in a house or apartment was being reduced. Kyvig, Daily
Victorian houses had had many small rooms Katherine C. Grier "Decline of the Memory Palace" in Foy and Schlereth
The mechanical bed had come into use in the 1880s Elizabeth C. Cromley "A History of American Beds and Bedrooms" in Foy and Schlereth
"Pullman corners" Lutsky interview
This could be either a dual-use room Mike Giger interview, Oct. 15
"desire for an indoor space" Volz in Foy and Schlereth
Sleeping bags were advertised especially Cromley in Foy and Schlereth
Some Parkview Gardens apartments still retain the fireplaces Lutsky interview
An Important Jewish Neighborhood
Almost 20,000 people Harris, Legacy
St. Louis had a larger Jewish population Walter Ehrlich, Zion in the Valley: the Jewish Community of St. Louis v. 2, 2002
Many of the builders and owners Little and Hamilton, application
seven of 17 Jewish congregations Jake McCarthy "University City" SLPD Nov. 8, 1981
"For decades to come other St. Louis suburbs discouraged Jewish congregations" Harris, Legacy, p.129
it was about 60 percent Jewish Lutsky interview
"We always knew" Glickert interview
"we all supported the All Saints school" Roslynd M. Singer, My Mother's Maiden Name: Growing Up in the Loop, 1987. MS. in HSUC archives
Claire Linzee Interview, Oct. 25, 2013
Growing Up in the Loop: Roslynd Singer
The information comes from My Mother's Maiden Name.
Growing Up in the Loop: Tennessee Williams
"The opening description of the Wingfield apartment" All quotes in this section are from Allean Hale, "Tennessee Williams's St. Louis Blues" Mississippi Quarterly Fall 1995
Other information comes from Lorin Cuocco and William Gass, editors, Literary St. Louis: A Guide, 2000
Growing up in the Loop: Dennis Lutsky
The information comes from Lutsky interview.
The River des Peres and Vernon Avenue
In 1921 and '22, the Board of Aldermen Howard McMahan, An Administrative History of University City, 1954.
In the 1930s Harris, Legacy p. 132
In 1951 University City Quarterly Reporter, Aug. 1955
named for a relative Mangan, Streets
Construction took place in 1955 Information in this paragraph comes from "Vexing Vernon" in Illuminations, Nov. 2010, HSUC archive
Parks of the North Loop
Eastgate Park Information provided by Ewald Winkler, Nov. 4, 2013; Comprehensive City Plan
Singer wrote In My Mother's Maiden Name
Other information in this section comes from a tour of the parks given by Ewald Winkler and Sue Rehkopf, June 24, 2012.
Ackert Harris, Legacy
When Lambs Quarry had been operating Information in this paragraph comes from the Delmar/Loop Pacer newsletter, various issues, 1999
The Ferguson-Kirkwood streetcar Information provided by Sue Rehkopf, HSUC archivist, in summer 2013.
Chapter Four
U.City Boom and Loop Bust
it was growing too fast Globe-Democrat, July 5, 1956
a majority of Missourians had owned their homes Modell, "Suburbanization"
the last streetcar ran down Delmar in 1964 Andrew D. Young, St. Louis Streetcar Story, 1987
All Saints School would close Costantin, Side Streets St. Louis
Delmar landlords raised commercial rents SLPD, March 27, 1974
Federal wartime rent controls Glickert interview, Katy Q. Gurley, "The Loop," in Globe-Democrat, Sept. 6, 1975
"A once-dominant regional center" Report upon Traffic and Parking Conditions: Delmar Business Area, 1961 Washington University Archives
The vacancy rate was about 5 percent. R. Tinsley Parke, A New Vision for University City, 1972
U City Integrates
In 1960 the African American population Harris, Legacy, p. 163
"This is not a race question" "Whites Organize to Keep Negroes Out" SLPD, Jan. 25, 1920
"The notion that a viable community could be integrated" C. Linzee, Parkview Gardens
Henry traced the steps Charles T. Henry, A History of Community Sustainability, 1958-
2011
The UCLCRA
urban renewal was underway Donald Blinkenstaff, Early Development and Later Redevelopment of University City's East End, 1980; Harris, Legacy, p. 154-5
James Merrill "An Urban Convalescence"
"the inability of the Eastgate/Westgate apartments" SLPD March 17, 1963
"A sense of neighborhood identity was lacking." Parke, New Vision
"The general street pattern" Report Upon Traffic
praised the LCRA and his predecessors in city government Information in this paragraph comes from Frank Ollendorff interview, Oct. 8, 2013
The General Neighborhood Improvement plan Information in this paragraph comes from SLPD March 17, 1963; Parke, New Vision; Blinkenstaff, Early Development; Globe-Democrat, Aug. 6 1964
Parkview Tower Information comes from plaques in lobby of Seltzer building; Gurley. "Loop"
University Terrace Little and Hamilton, application
"demand for housing far exceeds supply," "U. City Loop about to get boost" Globe-Democrat, Mar. 18, 1974
The City Council voted to close Globe-Democrat, June 29, 1978
Mike Giger History of Parkview Gardens Association at parkviewgardens.org, 2013
and interview
Delmar Gardens retirement home Information in this paragraph comes from Denice M. Santangelo, Barbara Grossberg obituary, SLPD, July 18, 2008; delmargardens.com; Delmar Gardens plats, Recorder of Deeds, St. Louis County
The First Parkview Gardens Association
University City put out a booklet University City Community Development, "Tenant Handbook for Parkview Gardens Residents" n.d. HSUC archives
A group of residents Information on the PGNIA comes from "Improvement Group Plans First Meeting," Globe-Democrat, Mar. 11, 1963 and "Neighborhood Asssn. Elects First Officers," Globe-Democrat, April 8, 1963 and from the HSUC archives
The Swinging '60s and Funky '70s
"a place where both the young and aging thrive together" Richard Krantz "Gefilte Fish and Urban Renewal" Globe-Democrat July 6, 1967
The Washington University-affiliated population increased Parke, New Vision
warned students against living north of Delmar Lutsky interview
The large apartments and low rents Gurley, "The Loop"
steam heat system being out of order C. Linzee interview
Residences are almost exclusively six-family apartments Krantz, "Gefilte fish"
the Post congratulated University City Jake McCarthy, "University City," SLPD, Nov. 8, 1981
in 1972 Information in this paragraph comes from "All-Black Apartment Integrated by White Couple" SLPD Jan. 26, 1972; "Integration in University City Is No Big Deal, Residents Say" SLPD Jan. 28, 1972
Delmar Decline and Market in the Loop
"withering away" Krantz, "Gefilte fish"
"the biggest question facing the Delmar Loop" Pamela Meyer, "Delmar Loop Commercial Development Lags," SLPD, Mar. 27, 1974
Then came a hopeful development Information in this paragraph comes from The Observer, March 27, 1975, HSUC archives; SLPD April 22, 1975; Jewish Light June 28, 1989; Dan Wald interview, Oct. 3, 2013;; SLPD Nov. 28, 1985 SLPD April 11, 1988; Ellen Futterman, "Turnaround of Delmar Loop" SLPD, July 23, 1989; SLPD Oct. 8, 1987; SLPD April 11, 1988
A Loss Averted
In 1977, Parkview Gardens almost lost Information in this paragraph comes from Harris, Legacy; Glickert interview; Esley Hamilton, The University City Civic Plaza, 1995
Chapter Five
"Either we could join the crowd" SLPD, Dec. 14, 2000
Renovation and Resistance
"The rejuvenated Loop is symbolic of University City's survival" McCarthy, "University City"
"on the edge" C. Linzee, Parkview Gardens
"At its worst, it was still better than Wellston and St. Louis city," Giger interview
350 buildings in Parkview Gardens had 150 owners. Giger interview
landlords made headlines in the Globe-Democrat Feb. 17, 1971; Feb. 3, 1978,
University City paid special attention to Parkview Gardens Ollendorff interview
the Post covered the long struggle SLPD, June 4, 1984; July 12,1984; Aug. 3, 1984; Oct. 25, 1984; July 1, 1985
Charging the highest rents in the area Ellen Futterman, "Turnaround of Delmar Loop" SLPD July 23, 1989
But the taxman giveth Giger interview
Delmar was filling up Futterman, SLPD
Symptoms of municipal puzzlement appeared in the newspapers SLPD June 4, 1984; March 18, 1985; Feb. 25, 1988
Turning the Corner
Giger Information in this section comes from Giger interview; Giger, "History" C. Linzee, Parkview Gardens; Ollendorff interview
One initiative C. Linzee interview
New Major Player: Washington U
In April 2000 "Washington U Buys 72 Apartment Buildings" SLPD, April 28, 2000
The university has continued Information comes from various issues of the Delmar/Loop Pacer
Condominiums and Recession
more 911 calls John Hoal of H3 Studios, at a meeting in 2011
The most shocking crime "Capital Trial Starting in Killing of University City Police Sergeant" SLPD , Feb. 24, 2011
The Changing Street Scene
"The nights before bulk pickup" Elaine Viets, column, SLPD July 14, 1988
A Controversial Vision of the Future
Parkview Gardens covers approximately 162 H3 Studios, "The Parkview Gardens Park Plan" 2010 parkviewgardensvision.org
the car's dominance is over Leigh Gallager, The End of Suburbia, 2013
